The power converter circuit is aimed to convert 12 VDC to 220 VAC and the process known as inverter. By inverting process will produce a 50W power converter that would supply different small appliances.
The DC to AC inverters are widely used in rural electrification the require AC power which includes solar home systems, health clinics, and community centers. Power Converter can also be used for other photovoltaic systems that convert light energy into electricity such as weekend homes and remote cabins, boats and caravans, and small telecom photovoltaic systems.
Power Converter Circuit Explanation
The power converter circuit is constituted by the oscillator, round the IC1, one divider IC2, one unstable multivibrator IC3, which give in the output symmetrical square signal of frequency 50HZ, follow a buffer stage with Fet Q1-2, the drive stage Q3-4 and the power stage Q4-5, the power transistors Q5-6, should they are placed in heatsink.
The diodes Zener D2-3, protect the power transistors from voltage peaks, that are produced by the transformer T1. Transformer T1 are a simple power transformer, with intermediate reception, which is connected in the contacts of CO1. For the use that him we want, the T1, is placed in reverse, with secondary convolution it is used as primary, with the intermediate reception she is connected in the positive point of battery 12V and the two other contacts are connected in the emitters of Q5-6, that are connected in the potential of ground alternately, depending on the rythm that determine outputs 10 and the 11 from IC3.
With this way while in being primary flow AC current, in secondary is created 220V AC square voltage. The use of crystalic oscillator ensures very good reference frequency 50HZ, and use a simple crystal (CR1). For bigger precision, parallel with the C1, exist a variable capacitor Cx, that ensure the regulation of frequency, so that we take in point P1, frequency 204.8 KHZ.
It's obvious that the output voltage in void of load is bigger than the voltage with load. Also the output voltage depend from the output voltage of battery. Thus for battery voltage 14V, the output voltage is increased at 10%, compared to the battery voltage 12V. If the converter work in load power 40 until 60W, then it can be used transformer 2X9V. Various prices of output, for battery voltage 12V and transformer 2X10V,
Power Converter Parts List
Resistor
R1=10Mohms
R2=100ohms
R3=1.2Kohms
R4=560Kohms
R5-6=2.2Kohms
R7-8=56 ohms 5W
Capacitor
CX=22pF trimmed capacitor
C1-2=22pF ceramic
C3=8.2nF 100V MKT C4=10uF 16V
C5=47uF 16V
C6=470nF 400V
Diode
D1=5V6 0.4W
D2-3=47V 1W
Transistor
Q1-2=BS170
Q3-4=BD139
Q5-6=BD249
Integrated Circuit
IC1=4060
IC2=4013
IC3=4047
Crystal
CR1=3.2768 MHZ crystal
Transformer-Fuse
T1=220Vac/2X10V 2X2.2A
F1=5A Fuse
F2=0.25A Fuse
Inductor
L1=1H smoothing choke